OLA ELECTRIC IPO ANALYSIS AND REVEIW
Ola Electric represents a dynamic and ambitious player in the EV sector. Its journey from a service-oriented beginning to becoming a significant EV manufacturer underscores its adaptability and vision. With a strong foundation, strategic investments, and a clear focus on innovation and sustainability, Ola Electric is well-positioned to play a pivotal role in shaping the future of electric mobility, both in India and globally.
Ola Electric, the pureplay electric scooter manufacturer, has filed its Draft Red Herring Prospectus (DRHP) with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
IPO Overview
- IPO Aim: Ola Electric filed its DRHP with the intention of being the first pure-play electric vehicle maker to go public in India, highlighting the significant interest in the EV sector in the country.
- Funding Details: The company announced issuing fresh shares up to Rs 5,500 crore. The purpose and allocation of these funds are critical for its future expansion and debt management.
Fund Utilization Plans
- R&D Investment: Approximately Rs 1,600 crore of the IPO proceeds are earmarked for research and development over the next three years, with Rs 450 crore planned for fiscal year 2025. This investment is crucial for developing new EV products and components like battery packs and motors.
- Debt Repayment: Ola Electric plans to use around Rs 800 crore from its fresh issue for repaying working capital loans, which will help in improving the company’s balance sheet.
- Gigafactory Expansion: A significant amount, Rs 1,226 crore, is allocated for expanding the manufacturing capacity of Ola Gigafactory. This expansion is vital for increasing production capacity and meeting growing market demand.
- Business Growth: Around Rs 350 crore is intended for business expansion, including increasing the footprint of new experience centres and expanding the charging network. This expansion is key for enhancing customer experience and accessibility.
Sales and Financial Performance
- Sales Growth: Ola Electric has witnessed rapid growth in sales since its first electric scooter launch in 2021. The company sold 1.56 lakh scooters in FY2023, with revenue from operations standing at Rs 1,242.7 crore for the first three months of FY2024, indicating robust growth.
- Market Share: With over 30% market share in the electric two-wheeler segment in India, Ola Electric has become a significant player in the industry.
Challenges and Risks
- Safety Concerns: Incidents of Ola Electric scooters catching fire have been a significant risk factor, affecting the brand's reputation and leading to regulatory scrutiny.
- Consumer Disputes: The company faces several consumer disputes alleging non-delivery and defects in vehicles. Handling these issues is crucial for maintaining customer trust and brand integrity.
- Regulatory Challenges: Ola Electric encountered regulatory challenges with FAME subsidies, impacting its pricing strategies and subsidies received. Such regulatory changes can significantly affect its competitive positioning and financial health.
- Subsidy Reduction Impact: The reduction in FAME subsidies led to a substantial increase in the retail prices of Ola's models, resulting in a steep decline in orders. This demonstrates the company's reliance on government subsidies and the sensitivity of its business model to policy changes.
- Talent Retention: High attrition rates indicate challenges in attracting and retaining specialized talent in the EV industry, which is essential for innovation and growth.
Business Strategy and Model
- Vertical Integration Strategy: Ola is emulating a Tesla-like model by owning the entire ecosystem of vehicle and battery manufacturing. This approach is aimed at creating an efficient and resilient EV supply chain ecosystem.
- Expansion of Offerings: The company plans to target the B2B and last-mile delivery segments with more affordable models, alongside facilitating financing options for customers through partnerships with financial institutions.
Government Incentives and PLI Benefits
- Ola Electric is a beneficiary of two PLI schemes, which provide cash incentives for manufacturing and selling advanced chemistry cells and EVs. This support is vital for the company's manufacturing capabilities and market competitiveness.
Journey and Evolution
- Foundation and Early Years: Ola Electric Mobility Pvt. Ltd., founded in 2017, started as part of Ola Cabs (ANI Technologies Pvt. Ltd.). Initially focused on electric cab services, the company rapidly shifted its focus to manufacturing electric two-wheelers.
- Shift to Manufacturing: Recognizing the potential of the EV market in India, Ola Electric ventured into the production of electric scooters, aligning with India's growing emphasis on sustainable transportation.
Expansion Plans and Investments
- Manufacturing Capacity: Ola Electric's major leap was the establishment of the Ola Futurefactory, envisioned to be the world's largest two-wheeler factory. This facility plays a crucial role in the company’s expansion plans.
- Market Penetration: The company aims to expand its presence in both domestic and international markets, targeting not just personal mobility but also delivery and rental services.
- R&D and Innovation: Ola Electric is heavily investing in R&D for developing new products, including electric bikes and potentially electric cars in the future.
Investors and Financial Backing
- Key Investors: Ola Electric has attracted significant investment from global venture capital firms, including Softbank, Tiger Global, and Temasek. These investments reflect confidence in the company's vision and market potential.
- IPO Plans: The proposed IPO, as indicated in its DRHP, is a strategic move to further bolster financial stability and fund expansion projects.
Management and Leadership
- Leadership Team: The company is led by Bhavish Aggarwal, co-founder of Ola Cabs, who plays a pivotal role in shaping its strategic direction. The management team comprises experts with diverse experiences in automotive and technology sectors.
- Vision and Strategy: The leadership's focus is on innovation, sustainability, and creating a complete ecosystem for EVs, including manufacturing, software development, and charging infrastructure.
Products and Offerings
- Electric Scooters: Ola Electric's initial product offering includes the Ola S1 and S1 Pro electric scooters, known for their style, performance, and smart features.
- Future Products: The company has announced plans to launch electric motorcycles and is reportedly exploring the electric car segment.
Services and Customer Experience
- Charging Infrastructure: Ola Electric is working on establishing a vast network of charging stations, including the ambitious plan for hypercharger networks across major cities.
- Experience Centers: To enhance customer experience and service, Ola has been setting up experience centers across India, allowing customers to interact with and learn about their products.
Future Plans and Prospects
- Global Expansion: Ola Electric is eyeing expansion into international markets, potentially starting with neighboring countries and extending to Europe and Southeast Asia.
- Technological Advancements: Emphasis on AI and ML for product and service enhancements, focusing on safety, efficiency, and user experience.
- Sustainability Initiatives: Aligning with global sustainability goals, Ola Electric aims to contribute significantly to reducing carbon emissions through its products and operations.
- Diversification: Beyond two-wheelers, Ola Electric may diversify into other EV categories, including four-wheelers, as part of its long-term vision.
Risk Factors
Prominent Internal Risk Factors
The company acknowledges that while prioritizing investment in Research & Development (R&D) is key for growth, the returns on these investments are not guaranteed.
“Significant resources have been and will continue to be directed towards R&D and technology development, including the enhancement of our cell manufacturing capabilities at Ola's battery innovation center. However, the realization of returns on these investments is not certain,” the company stated, identifying this as a major internal risk impacting business continuity.
The DRHP outlines a variety of risk factors, encompassing internal, external, and IPO-related risks, which could substantially impact the company's operations and potentially its long-term viability.
One such risk is the potential decrease or removal of the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles (FAME) subsidy.
“The possibility of diminishing or abolishing government incentives like the FAME subsidy, changes in the production linked incentive (PLI) scheme for the automobile and auto components sector, the PLI for the National Programme on Advanced Chemistry Cell Battery Storage, GST concessions to our customers, or our electric vehicles becoming ineligible for such subsidies, would raise the purchasing cost of our electric vehicles, potentially negatively impacting customer demand,” the company explained.
In fact, the government reduced the FAME subsidy for electric two-wheelers from 40% to 15% in May 2023. According to the DRHP, this led to an increase in prices.
“Due to the subsidy reduction, our customers experienced a hike in the retail price of our EV scooters, by ₹22,784 for the Ola S1 and ₹37,106 for the Ola S1 Pro. Consequently, we saw a 58.14 percent drop in orders in June 2023 compared to May 2023,” the DRHP revealed.
Another internal risk involves the divided attention of the company's promoter and chairman Bhavish Aggarwal due to his involvement in multiple businesses.
“Our dependence on Bhavish Aggarwal, our Founder, Chairman, and Managing Director, is significant. His extensive influence on our business is critical. He also serves as the Chairman and Managing Director of ANI Technologies Private Limited and has recently launched Krutrim SI Designs Private Limited. His commitments to ANI Technologies and Krutrim SI Designs may limit the time he can dedicate to our company,” the report emphasized.
Aggarwal also holds a stake in Tork Motors Private Limited, which operates in the same industry as Ola Electric. This could potentially lead to conflicts of interest, adversely affecting our business, as per the DRHP.
The company also noted a shortage of technical talent and emphasized the need for skilled professionals in areas like software development.
“Our employee turnover rates were 42.06% and 47.48% in the seven-month period ending October 31, 2023 (annualized), and the fiscal year 2022-23, respectively,” the company stated.
Discussing risks to profitability, the company mentioned that expansion into Indian and international markets might result in continued operating losses.
“As we invest in expanding our business, enhancing our product range, increasing capacity, and scaling operations, we may continue to face operational losses in the short term,” the DRHP noted.
Board Members and Their Remuneration
The DRHP specifies that the board consists of six Directors, including one Executive Director, two Non-Executive Directors, and three Independent Directors (one of whom is a woman).
Aggarwal will serve as the Chairman and Managing Director. The Non-Executive Directors include Krishnamurthy Venugopala Tenneti and Arun Sarin, both of whom also serve on the board of ANI Technologies. Sarin holds board positions in other companies like Accenture as well.
The company has appointed former Airtel CEO Manoj Kohli, Mensa Brands founder Anant Sankaranarayana, and YourStory Media founder Shradha Sharma as its Independent Directors.
In a pre-IPO reshuffle, the company appointed Harish Abhichandani as CFO of Ola Electric. Anshul Khandelwal remains the CMO, N Balachandar as the CPO, Suvonil Chatterjee as the CTO, and Shaun William Calvert as the COO.
Aggarwal's base salary is set at Rs 6 crore per annum, with a variable pay of Rs 3 crore per annum. The remuneration for Non-Executive and Independent Directors is fixed at Rs 0.5 crore per annum, plus a meeting attendance fee of Rs 1 lakh.
Directors receive a sitting fee for attending board meetings and board committee meetings.
Conclusion
Ola Electric represents a dynamic and ambitious player in the EV sector. Its journey from a service-oriented beginning to becoming a significant EV manufacturer underscores its adaptability and vision. With a strong foundation, strategic investments, and a clear focus on innovation and sustainability, Ola Electric is well-positioned to play a pivotal role in shaping the future of electric mobility, both in India and globally.
Ola Electric's IPO DRHP reveals a company aggressively expanding in the EV market, with substantial investments in R&D and manufacturing capacity. While it faces significant challenges, including safety concerns, regulatory issues, and talent retention, its strategy of vertical integration and market expansion positions it as a key player in India's EV landscape. The company's financial performance, market share, and government support through PLI schemes highlight its potential for growth in the booming EV sector
